The Hittites were an ancient people
(mentioned throughout the Old Testament of the Bible as “the children of Heth”
or Hethites) whose empire (or allied city-states) was located in the Middle
East- notably around the areas of modern-day Turkey, Syria, and Saudi Arabia.
In many ways they were your typical bronze age civilization, all of which spun
off from the Sumerian and Babylonian civilizations. Perhaps their only
distinction was a slight difference in architecture and dress fashions. They had a cuneiform writing style, where
writing was cut into clay and then hardened. And they had their own system of
law and morality, as is evidenced below.
Taken
from a clay Hittite Law Tablet. The term “does evil with” means to have carnal
relations with.
“If
a man does evil with a head of cattle, it is a capital crime and he shall be
killed.
If
a man does evil with a sheep, it is a capital crime and he shall be killed.
If
anyone does evil with a pig, he shall die
If
a man does evil with a horse or mule, there
shall be no punishment.
If
an ox leaps at [attempts to take the top sexually] a man, the ox shall die,
but the man shall not die. A sheep may be proffered in the man’s stead and they
shall kill that.
If a pig leaps at a man
there shall be no punishment.”
Now we have no way of knowing how often
these laws were called into effect. But they must have been enough occurrences
for the authorities of the day to codify it into law and literally chisel the
proclamations in stone. A few colleagues have chafed at the harsh punishment
(death) of the infractors, which may say more about them than they wished, but
one has to remember that this was essentially frontier law and harshness was
the only way for the populace to take the lawmakers seriously. If you slap on
fine on a guy for molesting a pig, it would be almost seen as an endorsement of
the act. A slap and a wink. You hang him, people know you mean business.
What I find most fascinating is not what
wasn’t allowed, but what was. Sure I can see how being raped by a pig or a ox
would not be the man or woman's fault. And while the person is spiritually
unclean, hence the need to substitute a sheep (or scapegoat) to sacrifice for
forgiveness, they aren’t going to be whacked for bending over at the wrong
time.
But apparently there are certain animals
where it is accepted to have romantic relations with, the horse and the mule.
Well perhaps accepted is too strong a term, it is more understood that on a
long journey a man must relieve his sexual urges somewhere. Or is it that a man
will eventually grow to have a certain fondness for an animal to which so much
of his life and livelihood depend, and then on a moonlit night, after the vino
has been flowing, if something should occur… well, these things happen.
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